MANUFACTURING A CONSOLIDATED COPPER-STAINLESS STEEL BIMETALLIC PRODUCT USING xBeam 3D METAL PRINTING
参考中译:使用xBeam 3D金属打印打印凝固的铜-不锈钢双金属产品


          

刊名：The Paton Welding Journal
作者：D. Kovalchuk（JSC NVO Chervona Hvilya）
L. Tretiakov（JSC NVO Chervona Hvilya）
P. R. Carriere（RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC）
Nanda Gopal Matavalam（RadiaBeam Technologies, LLC）
刊号：777VY002
ISSN：0957-798X
出版年：2024
年卷期：2024, no.7
页码：3-9
总页数：7
分类号：TG4
关键词：Copper；Stainless steel；Joining；Bimetals；Additive manufacturing；Metal 3D printing；Electron beam；DED-wire
参考中译：铜;不锈钢;连接;双金属;增材制造;金属3D打印;电子束; DED线
语种：eng
文摘：The creation of strong and tight copper and stainless steel joints in mechanical structures and components is an actual challenge in modern engineering. Thanks to unique combination of different properties such joints have many important applications like components of linear particle accelerators, ultra-high vacuum systems (up to 10~(-8) torr), heat exchangers, even of the international fusion experimental reactor. At the same time, ensuring a reliable joint of immiscible materials such as copper and stainless steel is a technologically challenging problem due to significantly different physical, mechanical and metallurgical properties, including melting points, thermal expansion coefficients, thermal conductivity, etc. Traditional approaches to the production of such joints, based on certain welding methods, impose many technical and geometric limitations due to the need for special preparation of the contact surfaces of the parts to be joined or the uncontrolled formation of new phases when mixing melts of different metals. As for brazing methods, they do not always provide reliable vacuum-tight joints for relatively thick parts and do not guarantee sufficient joint strength. Therefore, it is important to find more technologically flexible ways to solve such problems. This article discusses a new approach to joining copper and stainless steel using the xBeam 3D Metal Printing technology. This novel directed energy deposition (DED) technology uses a profile electron beam and coaxial feeding of copper wire to deposit it upon a precision machined stainless steel substrate. The results of the exploration study of joints made using this method are presented, including the study of vacuum tightness of the joint, density of the deposited material, metallurgy of the interface, electrical conductivity, oxygen content, hardness in different zones, etc. Specialized preheating strategies minimized the thermal deformation of the machined substrate, a key consideration for adding multimaterial functionality to monolith components.
参考中译：在机械结构和部件中创建坚固而紧密的铜和不锈钢接头是现代工程中的一个实际挑战。由于不同性能的独特组合，这种接头具有许多重要的应用，如直线粒子加速器、超高真空系统(高达10~(-8)Torr)、换热器，甚至国际聚变实验反应堆的部件。与此同时，由于物理、机械和冶金性能(包括熔点、热膨胀系数、导热系数等)的显著不同，确保铜和不锈钢等不相容材料的可靠连接是一个具有技术挑战性的问题。传统的此类接头生产方法基于某些焊接方法，由于需要对要连接的部件的接触面进行特殊准备，或者在混合不同金属熔体时不受控制地形成新相，因此施加了许多技术和几何限制。至于铜焊方法，它们并不总是为相对较厚的零件提供可靠的真空密封连接，也不能保证足够的连接强度。因此，重要的是找到更灵活的技术方法来解决这些问题。本文讨论了一种使用XBeam 3D金属印刷技术连接铜和不锈钢的新方法。这种新的定向能量沉积(DED)技术使用了一束轮廓电子束和铜线的同轴馈送，将其沉积在精密加工的不锈钢衬底上。介绍了用这种方法制作的接头的探索性研究结果，包括接头的真空密封性、沉积材料的密度、界面的冶金性能、电导率、氧含量、不同区域的硬度等。专门的预热策略将加工衬底的热变形降至最低，这是为整体组件添加多材料功能的关键考虑因素。



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